Metal shearing apparatus



J. GEGGUS METAL SHEARING APPARATUS Filed March 5, 1931 2 SheCS-Sheet 1 INVENTOR' Jaim. 29, 1935. l 3, GEGGUS ygl' METAL SHEARING APPARATUS Filed March 5, 3.951 2 SheetsnSheet 2 n Patented Jan. `29,- 1935 n UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE I i Y U 1,989,131; i

Youngstown Sheet Tube Company, Younga- .I town, Ohio, a corporation o! Ohio Application March 5, 1931, serial No. 520,218

s claims. (ci. 164-60) The presentt invention relates broadly-to the Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the art of shearing metal and more particularly to` relationship of the shears themselves. shearing by means of rotary shears. Referring more particularly to Figure 3 of the It is customary inthe art to which the invendrawings, there is illustrated a lower shear 2 ro- 5 tion relates in making rotary shears of the sotatable about an axis lying in the center line 3, 5-

called disk-type utilized for splitting or trimming, and an upper shear 4 rotatable about an axis to mount the disk cutters on arbors or shafts lying inthe centerline 5. From this figure it having their axes directlysuperimposed. By reawill be noted that the axes of the respective shears son of this arrangement, if a piece of material lle in planes which are offset in the direction of is fed between the disks in a substantially horitravel of the material being sheared, it being unl0 zontal direction, the material is engaged by the 'derstood that the material 6 being sheared is upper disk VVand depressedl in a plane in which adapted to travel in the direction indicated by there is no opposing support. In other words, the arrow 7. the upper disk engages the material in advance Thelower shear 2 is carried by an arbor 8 of the theoretical shearing point and depresses while theupper shear 4 is carried by a similar l it before such shearing point is actually reached. arbor 9,' which arbors ,are suitably journaled in a By reason of this action, the materialisonly part-v housing 10 by means of bearing chucks slidable ly sheared, the majority of the action being a in the housing windows, having removable bearcracking or breaking action. This results in an ing blocks therein. Also journaled in the housuneven edge. ing is a drive shaft 11, adapted to receive .power 20 In an effort to obviate this diillculty and more from any desired 80urce,'l10t ShOWn, and carryeil'ectively support the ,material as it is Ibeing ing a drive pinion 12 meshing with a driving gear sheared, it has been proposed to utilize a lower 14 on the arbor 8.. Secured to the arbor 8 is a disk of materially greater diameter than the -88111 15 meshing with a similar Sear 16 0n an upper disk. By reason of this construction, the eccentric: shaft 17. The gear 16 meshes with a 25 l larger lower disk serves to more effectively supsecond gear 18 on an eccentric shaft 19, which port the material in advance of the theoretical second gear is in turn effective for driving a gear cutting point and minimizes the breaking or 20 on the arbor 9. If the gears 15, 16, 18 and 2i)v l cracking oir tendency before referred to.. The are of the same diameter, it Will be apparent that construction is, however, open to the objection the arbors 8 and 9, and therefore the shears 2 30 that the different sized shear knives require'difand 4 are caused t0 I'Otte in SynchlOnSnil In ferent' Jigs and lmachines for maintaining the many cases such a synchronous rotation of the same properly sharpened. This in turn runs into shears, is desired, although it will be -appale'nt l a large plant installation cost for maintaining th thatany other gear ratio may be substituted at '85 shears inproper working condition. the will 0! the designer.

It is one of the objects of the present inven- The eccentric Shafts 17 und 19 are suitably tion to provide an improved shear whereby the iournaled in the housing 10, and permit the necupper and lower disks may be maintained of the essary adjustment to be imparted to the sears desired uniform diameter, and the required sup- 16 and 18 for maintaining them in mesh one with 40 `porting of the material obtained in such manner theother and in mesh also with the respective 40 as to preclude breaking or cracking off thereof. Sears 15 and 2U, irrespective 0f the amount 0f 011- The advantages in this respect are obtained by setting 0f the center lines 3 and 5. The details offsetting the axes of the shears in such manner Of the housing, and the manner Of driving the that the material being sheared passes the axis shears constitute no limitation as to the present of the lower shear before it reaches the plane invention, the present embodiment being ShOWn 45 of the axis of the upper shear. for purposes of completely illustrating one man- In the accompanying drawings I have shown nel 0f Operating the Shearsmore or less diagrammatically, for purposes of The Shaft 11 being driven in the proper direcillustration onlyl a, preferred embodiment of the tion, the shears are rotated in the direction indi-- present invention. In the drawings: cated by the BII'OWS 21 thus preparing them for 50 Figure 1 is an end elevational view of one form the reception 0f the materiel 6. The material of shear constructedinaccordance with the presbeing fed forwardly in the direction indicated ent invention; by the arrow 7, it is caused lto ride upon the Figure 2 is a detail elevational view, showing lower shear 2 which thus affords a vsupporting the shears and shear arbors; and surface acting in opposition to the downward pressure of the upper shear 4. The material being actually supported by the lower shear, any breaking or tearing as distinguished from a true cutting is precluded, the shearing progressing as the material approaches the center line 22 representing the center line of the housing and the point of theoretical completion of the shearing operation. It is on this line that the shears most closely approach one to the other or have their maximum overlap.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that by the mere expedient of advancing thelower shear into the line of feed of the material, there is afforded by the shear itself a supporting surface effective for resisting the downward pressure of the upper Shear. This makes it possible to utilize upper and lower shears of the same diameter, and at the same time obtain true shearing of the material and thus a truer edge condition.

The advantages of the invention arise primarily from the offsetting of the axes of the shears or disks as well as from the positioning of the shears in such manner as to afford a support concomitantly/with the use of disks of the same diameter.

While I have herein illustrated and described more or less diagrammatically, one preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood that changes in the construction and arrangement of the parts herein illustrated and referred to may be made without departing either from the spirit of the present invention or the scope of my broader claims.

I claim:

1. A shear, comprising a housing, shear arbors in said housing having their axes offset horizontally and vertically of said housing, means for adjusting said arbors relative to one another, means for driving said arbors including driving gears and shafts therefor disposed substantially parallel to said arbors, and eccentricmeans to shift said shafts to permit proper driving relation of said gears to the arbors upon adjustment of the arbors.

2. A shear comprising a housing, shear arbors mounted in said housing with their axes offset horizontally and vertically of said housing, means for adjusting the arbors relativo to one another, disk shears of substantially the same diameter .on said arbors, and means for driving said arbors including driving gears and shafts therefor mounted in said housing, and eccentric means to shift said shafts to permit proper driving relation of the gears and arbors on adjustment of the arbors.

3. A shear comprising a housing, a bearing -housing with windows therein, bearing chucks slidable in said windows, arbors journaled in said chucks, disk shears carried on said arbors and having substantially the same diameter, said arbors being journaled in said chucks with their axes offset horizontally, drive shafts and gears for said arbors and eccentric means to shift the shafts' to maintain proper driving relation of the gears to the arbors on adjustment of said chucks.

4. In a shear, a housing windows in said housing, bearing chucks slidable therein with their center lines offset horizontally, arbors journaled in said chucks, disk shears mounted on said arbors, means for adjusting said chucks in said housing, drive shafts and gears for said arbors and eccentric means to shift the shafts to maintain proper driving relation of the gears to the arbors on adjustment of said chucks.

5. In a rotary shear for progressively cutting moving metal sheets or plates, a pair of rotary shearing members of substantially the same diameter, means supporting said members for rotation about axes on opposite sides, respectively, of a, plane through the theoretical line representing the point of completion of the shearing, and normal to the plane of the sheet or plate.

6. 'Ihe apparatus defined by claim 5 characterized by a common drive for said members including adjustable gears interconnecting said members.

JOHN GEGGUS. 

